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Demyelinating Disease - symptom, Treatment of Demyelinating Disease
Demyelinating Disease Information
Demyelinating Disease is a group of CNS disorders in which there is selective destruction of the myelin coating of the nervous tissue. Demyelinating Disease affects young people, causing a wide variety of neurological problems. Demyelinating Disease are often complications of viral infections like measles or chicken pox. he disease is characterized by plaques anywhere within the central neuroaxis with however certain patterns of predilection. chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (a chronic neurological disorder caused by destruction of the myelin sheath of peripheral nerves and Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common type of demyelinating disease. In this disorder, your immune system mistakenly attacks the myelin sheath. The clinical presentation of demyelinating optic neuropathy varies. As the visual dysfunction is due to autoimmune destruction of myelin and not direct inflammation of the optic nerve tissue, this disease entity is best termed demyelinating optic neuropathy.
Patients frequently present to the office with an acute loss of vision. Other different forms of demyelinating disease include:
- Optic neuritis. This condition is due to inflammation of the optic nerve in one or both eyes, which can lead to sudden vision loss. It may occur as an isolated attack or as a sign of MS.
- Devic disease (neuromyelitis optica). Characterized by inflammation of the optic nerve and spinal cord, this disorder usually causes temporary blindness. It can also lead to muscle weakness or paralysis.
- Transverse myelitis. This disorder is caused by inflammation of the spinal cord, which can lead to muscle weakness, pain or paralysis.
- Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. This disorder is the result of inflammation of the brain and spinal cord. Signs and symptoms include headache, delirium, seizures and coma.
Treatment depends on the type of demyelinating disease but may include corticosteroid medications. A number of other types of demyelinating disorders have been associated with ON. They are: acute transverse myelitis, Guillain-Barré syndrome, Devic's neuromyelitis optica, Charcot-Marie-Tooth syndrome, multifocal demyelinating neuropathy, and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis.
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