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Amoebic DysenteryAmoebic dysentery (amoebiasis) is an infection of the intestine which is caused by an amoeba called Entamoeba histolytica. It is also known as Amoebiasis or Traveller's Diarrhoea. is the infection of the large intestine, sometimes involving the liver. It Frequently affects people whose hygiene is poor. The symptoms of amoebic dysentery's can be mild to severe depending on the location of infection and this dysentery epidemics have occurred in eight countries in southern Africa (Angola, Burundi, Malawi, Mozambique, Rwanda, Tanzania, Zaire, and Zambia). In adults, dysentery caused by bacteria usually subsides spontaneously. But in children, and other vulnerable groups, the condition can be treated with antibiotics.Fulminant amoebic dysentery is often fatal. Less serious complications include perforation of the colon, colonic ulcers, amoeboma, or chronic carriage. Amoebic dysentery is transmitted by contaminated water , and is well known as a "travellers dysentery" , although it is occasionally seen in Western countries. Amoebic dysentery was not made a notifiable disease by the Health Department until 1926 and the first case was not notified until 1933. Amoebic dysentery is seen more often in people arriving from
Causes of Amoebic DysenteryAmoebae are parasites that are found in contaminated food or drink. They enter the body through the mouth when the contaminated food or drink is swallowed and caused by ingesting substances contaminated with the amoeba Entamoeba histolytica and characterized by severe diarrhea, nausea, and inflammation of the intestines. Entamoeba histolytica can exist in two forms in contaminated food and drink:
Symptoms of Amoebic DysenteryThe main symptom of epidemic dysentery is bloody diarrhea. The milder symptoms of this are stomach cramps (colic), painful passage of stools (tenesmus) and bloody, slimy diarrhoea, which is often foul smelling. Other common symptoms include abdominal cramps, fever and rectal pain. Less frequent complications can include a form of blood poisoning known as sepsis , seizure and kidney failure. Treatment of Amoebic DysenteryAmoebic dysentery is treated with metronidazole (eg Flagyl tablets) . In adults, dysentery caused by bacteria usually subsides spontaneously. But in children, and other vulnerable groups, the condition can be treated with antibiotics. It is important to avoid drinking alcohol during treatment. Treatment also Involves taking antibiotic drugs to kill the parasites, the commonly used antibiotics are- |
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